| Abstract | Lokalna razina je osnovna razina samouprave, razina na kojoj se ostvaruju
glavne svrhe radi kojih ter itorijalna samouprava postoji. Važnost lokalne samouprave ogleda
se u tome što ona razrađuje i zaokružuje ideju diobe vlasti na zakonodavnu, izvršnu i sudbenu
vlast te tehniku nadzora državnog aparata, za čije je funkcioniranje ključno i nužno
demokratsko okruženje. Lokalna samouprava čini relevantan element u političkom sustavu
europske demokra cije pa je danas sastavni dio suvremenih demokratskih političkih sustava u
Europi i svijetu. Da bi lokalna samouprava bila efikasna, kvalitetna i građanima bliska, b itna
je njena struktura, odnosno njen ustroj i djelokrug. Govoreći o teritoriju Republike Hrvatske i
uspoređujući strukturu lokalne samouprave na razini Hrvatske i n a razini ostalih zemalja
članica Europske unije uočavaju se velike distinkcije, prije svega , u položaju i veličini,
odnosno broju lokalnih jedinica. Ono što karakterizira hrvatsku st rukturu lokalne samouprave
je veliki broj lokalnih jedinica na državnom teritoriju, pa se govori o potencijalnom spajanju,
odnosno amalgamaciji lokalnih jedinica, ka ko bi taj broj postao manji, a lokalne jedinice
svoje poslove obavljale kvalitetno i efikasno.
Povijesno gledano prv i obli ci lokalne samouprave nalaze se u dalmatinskim
gradovima i na otocima. Kroz povijest je bilo jako teško uspostaviti vlast od strane domaćeg
vladara zbog toga što su se u prošlosti stalno izmjenjivali uzurpatori na tronovima hrvatskih
gradova, te im j e bilo bitno da je njihov čovjek na vlasti. Premda ukoliko pratimo srednji
vijek , ali i ranij a razdoblj a razvo ja dalmatinskih gradova, već tada je postojalo određeno
komunalno uređenje , počeci lokalne samouprave i određena kohezija ljudi na određenom
području, takva kohezija kojom je stanovništvo zajedničkim zalaganjem i skladom nadilazilo
raznorazne prepreke. Pri hvaćanjem Europske povelje o lokalnoj samoupravi jasno je
prihvaćen smjer vladanj a hrvatske lokalne samouprave i europskih lokalnih samouprava u
budućnosti. |
| Abstract (english) | The local level is the basic level of self government, the level at which the
main purposes for which territorial self government exists are realized. The importance of
local self government is reflected in the fact that it elaborates and completes the idea of the
division of power into legislative, executive and judicial, as well as the technique of
monitoring the state apparatus, for the functioning of which a democratic environment is key
and necessary. Local self government is a relevant elemen t in the political system of
European democracy, so today it is an integral par t of contemporary democratic political
systems in Europe and the world. In order for local self government to be efficient, high
quality and close to citizens, its structure, i. e. its organization and scope, is important. When
talking about the territory of the Republic of Croatia and comparing the structure of local
self government at the level of Croatia and at the level of other EU member states, great
distinctions can be obse rved, first of all, in the position and size, that is, the number of local
unit s. What characterizes the Croatian structure of local self government is a large number of
local units on the state territory, so there is talk of a potential merger, or amalgam ation of
local units, in order to reduce that number, and local units perform their tasks efficiently and
effectively.
Historically speaking, we have the first forms of local self government in
Dalmatian towns and islands. Throughout history, it was very difficult for a local ruler to
establish power due to the fact that in the past there were constant changes of usurpers on the
thrones of Croatian cities, and it was important to them that their man was in power. Although
w e follow the Middle Ages, but also the earlier period of the development of Dalmatian
cities, already then there was a certain communal arrangement, the beginnings of local self
government and a certain cohesion of people in a certain area, such a cohesion with which the
population overcame various obstacles through joint effort and harmony. By accepting the
European Charter on Local Self Government, the future direction of Croatian local self
government and European local self government is clearly accepte d. |
