Imputability is a psychological characteristic of the perpetrator of a criminal offense at the time of the offense, based on their mental state and ability to act consciously, understand correctly, and behave appropriately. In case of doubt, insanity must be proven, as imputability is considered the rule and insanity the exception. In the Republic of Croatia, insanity is determined using a mixed biological-psychological method. The concept of insanity protects the rights of persons with mental disorders and ensures a fair procedure. Forensic psychiatry and psychology assess the mental state of individuals who have committed unlawful acts. The legal definition of insanity states that a person is not guilty if, due to mental illness, temporary mental disturbance, insufficient mental development, or severe mental disorder, they could not understand the significance of their actions or control their will. The Criminal Procedure Act regulates the procedure for defendants with mental disorders. Expert findings are crucial for determining imputability. In case of factual disputes, the principle „in dubio pro reo“ applies, meaning a decision in favor of the defendant. The Law on the Protection of Persons with Mental Disorders applies to persons who have committed unlawful acts in a state of insanity. A person with significantly reduced imputability can be punished more leniently if they did not bring about that state through their own fault. Significantly reduced imputability, as a subtype of imputability, implies reduced guilt due to a limited ability to understand or control one's actions. Self-induced insanity refers to situations where a person, through their own fault, brought themselves into a state of insanity (e.g., through the consumption of alcohol or drugs) and is responsible if the criminal offense was committed intentionally or negligently.